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以太坊研究日报

Ethereum Research Daily

The RESERVOIR opcode became EIP-8455 and opened a Magicians thread that drew 12 posts in a day. The EIP-8450 post-quantum validator key registry now relies only on the BLS signing key for authorization and no longer changes the execution layer. On Magicians, an STVA transaction verification ERC was proposed against Bybit-style multisig UI attacks, and on ethresear an "L1.5" pattern uses native AA and proof aggregation to separate compute from state.

Image for October 28, 2026

Image: Ethereum Magicians, EIP-8455: RESERVOIR Opcode

Gas budgets and account AA

Magicians: EIP-8455 RESERVOIR opcode

16:17 (ja7ad), with 12 posts that day. EIP-8037 splits gas into execution gas and state gas, and state gas can be paid from a reservoir that `GAS` does not report; EIP-8141 frame transactions also have a per-frame `state_gas_left`. As a result, contracts cannot see their full remaining budget, and measuring a sub-call with two `gasleft()` readings under-counts state gas the reservoir paid for. RESERVOIR returns that amount, so together with `GAS` a contract can read its whole budget.

https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8455-reservoir-opcode/30116

Signing security

Magicians: draft ERC STVA, secure transaction verification and authorization to stop blind signing and multisig UI attacks

01:33, with 13 posts that day. Citing the February 2025 Bybit Safe multisig incident, the author argues that most high-value thefts no longer rely only on contract bugs but exploit blind signing of opaque data, and proposes a standard verification payload, an independent simulation interface and scoped capabilities so that "what you see is what you sign" becomes enforceable.

https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/erc-draft-secure-transaction-verification-and-authorization-stva-stopping-blind-signing-multisig-ui-attacks/30106

Other updates

EIP-8450: BLS-authorized key changes, builders, crypto interface

(kevaundray). It removes the withdrawal-address path (the EIP-7685 request type, the execution-layer request contract and the pending-authorization queue), changes `requires` from 7002, 7685, 7916 to 7495, 7732, 7916 so the EIP no longer changes the execution layer, and makes the BLS signing key the only authority that registers and replaces keys, with changes limited by `MIN_PQ_KEY_CHANGE_DELAY = 256` epochs.

https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/12592

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